IRomania, lelona lizwe likhulu kumzantsi-mpuma eYurophu; ikhaya elinamahlathi athabathekileyo, iintaba ezimangalisayo, iindlela zamanzi ezizolileyo kunye nemilambo, kwaye ngokucacileyo, iDracula eyaziwayo. Kwiminyaka engaphambili, kukhangeleka ngathi iRomania yayiyeyona ndawo iphambili yabatyeleli kunye neetap zangaphambili, nangona kunjalo, imfihlakalo ekugqibeleni kwaye iimfumba zeempompo zangaphambili ziye zafudukela eYurophu ukuze zikhululeke kolu lonwabo Isizwe saseMpuma Yurophu. Umahluko phakathi kweepesenti ezingama-23.5 zabantu baseYurophu, malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zabantu baseRomania babonwa njengabasemngciphekweni wentlupheko ngo-2016, kubandakanywa naphezu kokuhlala ngokumangalisayo kwimimandla yephondo. Eli nqanaba liphezulu kubantu abadala abaxhasa abantwana kwiipesenti ezingama-42.5, ngakumbi abagcini abangatshatanga kwiipesenti ezingama-58.2. Kulindeleke ukuba iipesenti ezingama-22 zabemi zihlale phantsi komgaqo wentlupheko.
Izinto ezibandakanya ukufaka izinto, ukungaphazanyiswa kwendalo njengokungcola, isiphithiphithi okanye inkohlakalo, kunye nemiceli mngeni yokugcina amakhaya afudumele kuqikelelwe eRomania yiKhomishini yaseYurophu. Ngaphezudlwana kwesiqingatha sabemi baseRomania bahlala kwizindlu ezizimeleyo ezinegumbi elinye lomntu ngamnye, ngama-96 eepesenti abo banamakhaya abo. Ngaphandle koko, kwi-2016, i-13.8 yeepesenti yabantu baseRomania baveza ukungakwazi ukufudumeza la makhaya, kwaye i-20% yabemi bahlala ngaphandle komthombo ophuculweyo wenzalo.
Uphuhliso lwezezimali lwepesenti ezi-4 zarekhodwa ngo-2018, zehla ukusuka kwipesenti ezisi-7 ezandisiweyo kunyaka ophelileyo, ngokubanzi ngenxa yokunciphisa ishishini elingaqhelekanga. Ukusetyenziswa koluntu lwaseRomania kuluncede uqoqosho, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuncipha kwerhafu, kufutshane ngexabiso lokurhweba kunye nentengiso yenxalenye ye-EU evulekileyo emva kokuba iRomania ijoyine i-EU ngo-2007. ukhuseleko lwemali.
Ingeniso yesiqhelo yosapho ngo-2016 yayimalunga ne- $ 3,300, inyuselo enkulu isuka kwi- $ 700 ngo-2001. Oku kunyuswa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yophuhliso lwezezimali eRomania, imali esebenzayo kwi-EU, kunye nokugxothwa ngokupheleleyo kwerhafu yengeniso kubaxhamli bemivuzo ephantsi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukubonakala kwemali okuphawuleka ngakumbi kubantu abazinzileyo ngokukodwa, abenza eyona nxalenye inkulu yabemi baseRomania.
Izinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi liye lehla laya kwi-3.7 yeepesenti ngo-2018 ukusuka kwi-7.2 yeepesenti ngo-2010. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lokungaphangeli kwabantu abatsha liphezulu kakhulu, ngama-16.8 eepesenti, kusenokwenzeka ukuba longeze ukufudukela kolutsha olukhulu olukhangela umsebenzi kunye namathuba okuphila angcono. Kufuneka iqatshelwe, nangona kunjalo, ukuba umsebenzi awugcini abantu ekubeni baphume emngciphekweni wentlupheko. Ngaphezulu kwe-20% yamadoda aseRomania kunye neepesenti ezili-15 zamanenekazi athathelwa ingqalelo emngciphekweni ngo-2016.
Abantu baseRomania bafumana inqanaba lesine elibalulekileyo lobunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo eYurophu. Kwi-2016, iipesenti ezingama-23.8 zabantu baseRomania abakwazanga ukulawula nakweyiphi na imicimbi emine kwezisithoba yezinto ezisisiseko ezibekwe yi-EU, ngokuchaseneyo neepesenti ezingama-7.5 zabantu baseYurophu. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zibandakanya isidlo sangokuhlwa esipheleleyo ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, ukuhlawulela iindleko ezingalindelekanga, ukhenketho lonyaka, ukufudumala okwaneleyo, isithuthi, impahla yokuwasha iimpahla, umthunzi weTV, ifowuni kunye nokunyamekela iithebhu eziqhelekileyo.
Iindibano ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-2.4 yezigidi zabantu base-Roma kwisizwe banyamezele isantya esiphezulu sentswelo kunelona candelo lilawulayo. Baxhatshazwe ngokwenyani kwaye bathotyelwa kwaye baqhubeka nokukhetha okungapheliyo. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-42 zamaRom akakwazi ukulawula iindleko zokhathalelo lonyango kunye namava ezibi ezandisiweyo zokubonisa kukosuleleka kwentswelo. Umsebenzi we-Roma uvavanywa kwiipesenti ezingama-42 kubafana kunye neepesenti ezingama-19 kubafazi, xa kuthelekiswa nomsebenzi ongaphezulu kwama-60% phakathi kwabantu baseRomania. Abantu abaninzi baseRomani baxhomekeke ekungavunyelweni kwenkululeko esisiseko, kubandakanya nokususwa okunganyanzelekanga, ngoncedo oluncinci kurhulumente kwezentlalo ukunceda ukufunga.
Iipesenti ezingama-7.2 kuphela zabantu baseRomania babonisa ukuba nempilo eyoyikekayo okanye eyoyikekayo ngo-2016 xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezi-8.8 zabanye abahlali be-EU. I-UNAIDS yavavanya ngo-2017 ukuba i-16,000 yabantu baseRomania babephila ne-HIV / AIDS, uninzi ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa nococeko olungenakunceda olwabangela indyikitya yokufa ye-AIDS ngee-1990s. Abemi ngokubanzi banekamva xa bengena kwihlabathi elijikeleze iminyaka engama-75, ngaphantsi nje kwesiqhelo saseYurophu seminyaka engama-79.
Ukufuduselwa kwamazwe angabamelwane kunye namazwe achumileyo aseYurophu afana ne-UK, i-Itali ne-Jamani ibe inkulu ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1990. Abantu abalindelweyo abazizigidi ezi-3.9 baseRomania bahlala ngaphandle belizwe labo, nto leyo ibangele ukuba abantu behle ngokuthembekileyo. Uqoqosho lwaseRomania kungoku nje lunengxaki yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi abanetalente kunye nokuncipha kokuguquguquka kweengcali zolutsha, okukhuthaza imisebenzi ngurhulumente waseRomania ukuba abuyisele abahlali kwisizwe ngenkuthazo yokubuyiselwa.
Imibutho emininzi yesisa isebenze eRomania okokoko kuyehla ubusoshiyali ngo-1989 ukwenza ilizwe ukuba lakhiwe kwakhona kwaye lisebenze ngcono izihlobo zalo. Ummandla woLuntu usebenze eRomania ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1990, ekhonza iintsapho ezingama-58,000 kwaye encedisa ekuthabatheni indawo ixesha lasebusosheni eliqhekezayo, azisa ngemibhobho yamanzi kunye nokungena emanzini. I-UNICEF isebenza norhulumente waseRomania kunye nemibutho eyahlukeneyo ukwenza amaqela akhuthazayo abantu baseRomania abaphila nesifo sikaGawulayo kunye nokuxhasa uphando lwe-HIV / AIDS. Amalinge ambalwa eBhanki yeHlabathi nawo ayaqhubeka, kubandakanya nokuzibophelela ekubuyiseleni phambili iinkqubo zoncedo kurhulumente waseRomania kunye nokunika uqeqesho olungcono kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo. Enkosi ngentshukumo enkulu apho ilizwe lenza khona, izizathu zokufudukela apha ziyaqhubeka nokukhula.
Indawo yentengiso ekhulayo
Ngenxa yobukho obukhulayo beenkampani zokuyila zehlabathi, ezinje ngeAccenture, iingcango ezivulekileyo zokuphuma kwimpompo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye neziyelelane ziyaqhubeka nokwanda. Ngentengiso yemisebenzi engagungqiyo, ungahambela eRomania ngaphandle kokuqonda, uqonda ukuba usiya kwisizwe esineendawo zentengiso kunye noqoqosho.
Umzamo omncinci wokuphila
Inye into ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, iRomania ineendawo ezininzi zokuphila, phakathi kwezona zincinci kwi-EU. Kukhuselekile ukuchaza ukuba nawuphina umntu waseYurophu ogqiba kwelokuba afudukele eRomania angaphila ubomi obonwabileyo, obufanelekileyo kunye nokwamkelwa kwimveliso yomzamo omncinci, ukulungeleka okufanelekileyo, kunye nezothutho.
Yindawo ekhethekileyo yeziko lehlabathi
Kubonakala ngathi iBucharest, iBrasov, iLași, kunye neTimișoara ziye zaba zizichaso ezaziwayo malunga nenxalenye yeefemu ezilungileyo zehlabathi. Ke xa ithuba lokuba ukhangele ubuchwephesha kwindawo yeTekhnoloji yoLwazi, yiya eRomania ngeAccenture yokuhamba okucacileyo kunye nokuvuleka kobizo. Kwi-Accenture uya kugqiba ukusebenzela isahlulo seempawu zokuqhuba zeyunivesithi, ukubonelela ngoncedo oluphezulu kunye nokuxhasa.
Olukhulu kwaye luqinile ulwaneliseko lomntu
Ngokukhululeka kokuphila kunye nokwamkelwa okukhulu kuyo yonke imbeko onokuyifuna, ulwaneliseko lomntu kuyo yonke iRomania yinto eqhelekileyo nesesikweni. KwiRomania, uya kuziva ngathi usondela kulunge ngakumbi, ulwaneliseko lobuqu olungcono kunye nomdibaniso ofanelekileyo weendleko zokuhlala eziphantsi kunye nezinto ezintle zokusingqongileyo.
Ukuphuhlisa umculo kunye nenkcubeko yobugcisa
IRomania sele ibe yenye yezona zinto ziphikisayo kumculo nakwimibhiyozo yobugcisa eYurophu. Kukho ukuzimisela okubanzi kweekonsathi ukujonga ngaphezulu kakhulu kwiklasi nganye yomculo ovela kwi-jazz, i-elektroniki, ezizimeleyo, iliwa kunye nepop, kunye nezinto ezothusayo zokusingqongileyo zokuhamba nazo. Nokuba yeyiphi na indawo enomdla kumanor, amaphupha emnandi, ulwandle oluhle olunentlabathi, okanye iindawo ezimnandi namachibi, isigqibo sesakho!
Ukusonga izinto, umbono othandekayo omangalisayo.
Inye kuphela into ekufuneka uyazi ngempumelelo kukuba iRomania irhangqwe bubuhle obuqhelekileyo obuqhelekileyo; imithi enomthi enomtsalane, izitrato ezipholileyo, amachibi agqwesileyo, noyilo olunomtsalane. Ukuba uyayithanda indalo nangaphandle, ngelo xesha oku kufanele ukuba kube lilizwe elifanelekileyo lokufuduka kuwe.
